The Last Bloom and the Bee’s Blessing

In the final bloom of the season, a honeybee’s delicate dance with the Queen of the Night captures the fleeting beauty of nature’s cycles. Discover the profound connection between flower, bee, and life’s rhythms.

The Epiphyllum oxypetalum, commonly known as the Queen of the Night, is a remarkable plant. Native to Central America, this epiphyte is known for its large, fragrant flowers that bloom only once a year and last just for a single night. The fleeting nature of its bloom makes it a symbol of transience and beauty in many cultures. For me, this flower is a quiet, intimate connection to the rhythms of nature that play out around our home in Ithaca, New York.

The images you see include the last flower of the season, a white starburst of delicate petals encasing a universe of intricate details. As the day progresses, the flower remains open, revealing the next chapter in its life cycle—the possibility of forming fruit. This potential is entirely dependent on pollination, a process that is both beautifully simple and astonishingly complex.

A honeybee, a tiny yet essential participant in the grand scheme of things, hovers and lands delicately on the flower. In the first image, the bee appears tentative, exploring the outer fringes of the flower’s central structures. Its wings are still, as if it has just touched down after a careful, deliberate approach. The stamens, like a thousand arms extended in welcome, offer their pollen. Each grain of pollen is a promise, a potential seed, carried with the hope of propagation. The bee is the flower’s messenger, moving from one bloom to another, ensuring the continuity of life.

As I observe the bee’s actions through these photographs, I can’t help but reflect on the importance of these small creatures. Their work often goes unnoticed, yet without them, our ecosystems would collapse. The honeybee, in particular, has been a focus of concern in recent years due to declining populations, largely attributed to human activities. But here, in my garden, this bee is simply going about its day, unaware of the broader implications of its existence. It is focused on the task at hand, a model of mindfulness in action.

In the second and third images, the bee has moved deeper into the flower, its body now dusted with pollen. It is fully engaged in its work, undeterred by the enormity of its task. The pink style of the flower contrasts sharply with the white petals and the yellow stamens, creating a vibrant tableau of life. The bee’s body is now part of this scene, its presence both functional and aesthetic. It is not just a visitor; it is an integral part of the flower’s story.

The fourth and fifth images capture the culmination of the bee’s efforts. Having gathered what it came for, the bee is ready to move on, its job done here. The flower, too, has fulfilled its role for the season. The energy it expended to produce this magnificent bloom will now be directed towards forming fruit, provided that the pollination process is successful. If it is, this single flower will give rise to a new generation of plants, continuing the cycle of life.

But there is another, more personal layer to this story. This is the last flower of the season. It carries with it the weight of finality, the knowledge that soon the plant will rest, conserving its energy for the next year’s bloom. As I contemplate this, I am reminded of the cycles that govern not just plant life, but all life. There is a time for blooming, a time for fruiting, and a time for rest. Each phase is essential, each one a preparation for the next.

A bonus view of the honeybee in action

In allowing this flower to form fruit, I am participating, in a small way, in this cycle. We are stewards of the natural world, responsible for nurturing and preserving the life forms that share our planet. The honeybee, the flower, and I are all connected in this intricate web of life, each playing our part in the unfolding drama of existence.

These photographs are a meditation on life, a reminder of the beauty and fragility of the world around us. They capture a moment in time, brief encounters between a flower and a bee, but they also speak to something larger, something timeless. The Epiphyllum oxypetalum may bloom for just one night, but its impact, like that of the honeybee, reverberates far beyond that brief window. And in that, there is a profound lesson for all of us.

Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

Discovering the Beauty of White Bluebells: An Exploration of Hyacinthoides non-scripta (alba)

Discover the enchanting white bluebells blooming around our home! Explore their natural history, ethereal beauty, and fascinating folklore. Uncover the wonders of Hyacinthoides non-scripta (alba) in our latest blog post.

The surprise of finding white bluebells blooming around our home this spring was nothing short of magical. Known scientifically as Hyacinthoides non-scripta (alba), these delicate flowers add a touch of elegance and tranquility to our garden. As I delved into the history, etymology, and folklore of these enchanting blooms, I discovered a world rich in cultural significance and natural wonder.

Bluebell Natural History

White bluebells, a variant of the common bluebell, belong to the Asparagaceae family. Native to the woodlands of Western Europe, these perennials are renowned for their striking appearance and pleasant fragrance. The white bluebell, though less common than its blue counterpart, is equally captivating with its pure white, bell-shaped flowers that hang gracefully from slender stems.

Hyacinthoides non-scripta thrives in shady, moist environments, often forming dense carpets that transform forest floors into a sea of blossoms in spring. These plants are well-adapted to their woodland habitats, where they bloom before the canopy closes, taking advantage of the early spring light.

White Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta (alba)) growing around our home, May 2024

Etymology of the Scientific and Common Names

The scientific name “Hyacinthoides” is derived from the Greek word “hyakinthos,” referring to the mythological youth Hyacinthus, who was transformed into a flower. “Non-scripta” means “unmarked” or “not written,” distinguishing it from the classical hyacinth described by ancient authors. This epithet underscores the plant’s unique identity in the botanical world.

The common name “bluebell” comes from the flower’s resemblance to small bells and its predominant blue color. The “white” prefix simply describes this particular variety’s color, adding to its distinction.

White Bluebells in Folklore and History

Bluebells, including their white variants, are steeped in folklore and myth. In England, bluebells are often associated with fairy enchantments and woodland magic. Folklore suggests that bluebells ring to summon fairies, and to disturb a bluebell patch was to risk falling under a fairy spell. The white bluebells, with their ethereal appearance, add an extra layer of mystique to these tales.

Historically, bluebells were used for practical purposes as well. The sticky sap from the bulbs was employed to bind pages in books and to glue feathers onto arrows. However, it’s important to note that all parts of the plant are toxic if ingested, a fact that has also contributed to its aura of cautionary folklore.

The Surprise and Wonder of White Bluebells

Discovering white bluebells around our home has been a source of immense joy. These flowers, with their serene beauty and historical significance, connect us to the past and the natural world in a profound way. The surprise of seeing them bloom each spring reminds us of nature’s unpredictability and generosity.

Their presence in our garden brings a sense of peace and wonder, inviting us to pause and appreciate the small miracles that surround us. The delicate white bells, swaying gently in the breeze, create a visual symphony that enchants the senses and uplifts the spirit.

White bluebells serve as a testament to the rich tapestry of life that thrives in our gardens, often unnoticed. They remind us to look closely, to explore, and to cherish the natural beauty that graces our lives. As we continue to nurture our garden, the white bluebells stand as a symbol of purity, resilience, and the timeless charm of nature’s wonders.

Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

The Wonder of Penstemon hirsutus in Treman Gorge

Discover the enchanting Hairy Beardtongue nestled in Treman Gorge. Learn about its striking lavender blooms, unique adaptations, and fascinating history in our latest nature exploration. Dive into the beauty of Penstemon hirsutus!

On a sunny day at the end of May 2024, I embarked on one of my cherished walks through Robert H. Treman Park, located in the heart of Ithaca, New York. The park, with its stunning gorges and waterfalls, never ceases to amaze me with its natural beauty and diverse plant life. This time, my exploration led me to a delightful discovery along the south-facing walls of Treman Gorge: Penstemon hirsutus, commonly known as the Hairy Beardtongue.

As I navigated the rocky terrain, my attention was caught by a cluster of delicate, tubular flowers emerging from the crevices of the gorge walls. Their soft lavender hues stood out against the rugged backdrop of moss-covered rocks and shale. Upon closer inspection, I noticed the characteristic hairy stems and leaves, confirming that I had indeed found Penstemon hirsutus.

Penstemon hirsutus is a perennial herbaceous plant native to eastern North America. It typically reaches a height of 1 to 3 feet, with erect stems covered in fine hairs. The leaves are lanceolate, arranged oppositely along the stem, and also bear a slight fuzziness. The flowers, which bloom from late spring to early summer, are tubular and two-lipped, resembling a small beard—a feature that likely inspired the common name “Beardtongue.” Each flower is about 1 to 1.5 inches long, with a delicate lavender color that fades to white at the throat.

The genus name “Penstemon” is derived from the Greek words “pente,” meaning five, and “stemon,” meaning stamen, referring to the plant’s five stamens—four fertile and one sterile, the latter often appearing as a small, hairy tongue within the flower. The species name “hirsutus” comes from Latin, meaning hairy, a nod to the plant’s hirsute stems and leaves.

The Hairy Beardtongue thrives in well-drained soils and can often be found in rocky, open woodlands, meadows, and along cliffs—exactly the kind of environment provided by Treman Gorge. This plant is well-adapted to the microhabitats created by the gorge’s south-facing walls, where sunlight and moisture create ideal growing conditions. The rock walls not only offer physical support but also help retain heat and moisture, creating a microclimate that supports a variety of plant species.

Historically, Penstemon hirsutus and its relatives have been valued for their ornamental beauty and ecological benefits. The flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, making them an important component of the local ecosystem. Native Americans also recognized the medicinal properties of some Penstemon species, using them to treat ailments such as toothaches, sore throats, and respiratory issues.

In recent times, gardeners and horticulturists have come to appreciate Penstemon hirsutus for its hardiness and low maintenance requirements. It is often used in native plant gardens, rock gardens, and naturalized areas to add a touch of wild beauty. The plant’s ability to thrive in poor soils and its resistance to deer browsing make it a valuable addition to any garden aiming to support local wildlife and biodiversity.

Finding the Hairy Beardtongue in Treman Gorge was a moment of pure joy and wonder. It reminded me of the resilience and adaptability of nature, as this delicate yet sturdy plant has carved out a niche for itself in the rocky walls of the gorge. The sight of its soft lavender blooms swaying gently in the breeze was a testament to the beauty and tenacity of life in even the most rugged environments.

As I continued my hike, I felt a renewed sense of connection to the natural world. The discovery of Penstemon hirsutus was not just a botanical find but a reminder of the intricate and interconnected web of life that thrives in Treman Gorge. Each plant, each flower, has a story to tell—a story of survival, adaptation, and beauty that enriches our understanding of the natural world and our place within it.

Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

The Delight of Woodruff: An Exploration of Galium odoratum

Discover the enchanting woodruff growing around our home! Explore its natural history, delightful fragrance, and fascinating role in folklore and history. Uncover the wonders of this perennial plant in our latest blog post.

As spring breathes new life into our surroundings, the delight of identifying the plants that grow around our home is a joy like no other. This year, I was thrilled to discover that the delicate and fragrant woodruff (Galium odoratum) has been gracing our garden. Known for its charming clusters of white flowers and vibrant green leaves, woodruff brings both aesthetic beauty and a rich historical tapestry to our home.

Natural History of Woodruff

Woodruff, scientifically known as Galium odoratum, is a perennial plant native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. It thrives in shady, woodland environments, often forming dense mats that carpet the forest floor. The plant typically blooms in late spring to early summer, producing tiny white flowers that contrast beautifully with its whorls of bright green leaves.

Galium odoratum is a member of the Rubiaceae family, which also includes coffee and gardenias. Its ability to spread quickly through its creeping rhizomes makes it an excellent ground cover. In addition to its visual appeal, woodruff is known for its sweet scent, which intensifies when the plant is dried. This fragrance is due to the presence of coumarin, a natural compound that also contributes to its medicinal properties.

This woodruff (Galium odoratum) grows around our home.

Etymology of the Scientific and Common Names

The scientific name Galium odoratum provides insights into the plant’s characteristics. “Galium” is derived from the Greek word “gala,” meaning milk. This refers to the plant’s historical use in curdling milk. “Odoratum,” on the other hand, highlights the plant’s pleasant aroma.

The common name “woodruff” has an interesting origin as well. The word “wood” refers to the plant’s typical habitat in wooded areas, while “ruff” is thought to be derived from the Old English “rūwe,” meaning rough or hairy, describing the texture of the plant’s leaves and stems.

Woodruff in Folklore and History

Woodruff has a storied past, steeped in folklore and history. In medieval Europe, it was used for its aromatic properties to freshen up linens and as a strewing herb to mask odors in homes and churches. Its sweet scent was believed to ward off evil spirits and bring good fortune, making it a popular choice for wreaths and garlands during festivals and celebrations.

The plant also played a role in traditional medicine. Woodruff was used to treat various ailments, including liver and gallbladder issues, and as a mild sedative. Its medicinal use is attributed to the coumarin content, which has anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it’s worth noting that high doses of coumarin can be toxic, so its medicinal use has largely fallen out of favor in modern times.

In Germany, woodruff is famously associated with May Wine, a traditional beverage enjoyed during spring festivals. The plant is infused into white wine, imparting its unique flavor and aroma. This custom dates back centuries and is still practiced today, symbolizing the arrival of spring and the renewal of life.

This woodruff (Galium odoratum) grows around our home.

The Surprise and Wonder of Woodruff

Discovering woodruff around our home has been a source of wonder and delight. Its presence connects us to the rich tapestry of nature and history, reminding us of the timeless beauty and utility of the plants that surround us. As I watch the delicate flowers sway gently in the breeze, I am filled with a sense of gratitude for the surprises that nature continually offers.

Woodruff’s modest appearance belies its profound impact on the landscape and our lives. It serves as a reminder that even the smallest plants can hold significant historical, cultural, and medicinal value. As we continue to explore and appreciate the natural world around us, the humble woodruff stands as a testament to the enduring connection between humanity and nature.

Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

Rose of Castlemaine

Beauty and History on the Maine River

Continue reading “Rose of Castlemaine”

Pam’s Begonia Basket

small, unloved, on clearance

Once a year when Pam’s gardens are at a summer peak, I venture out to capture her work in early morning light. For this image I used a handheld Canon EOS 1Ds Mark III SLR with the Canon lens EF 50mm f 1.2L USM. This is the fifth post of this series.

Click photograph for a larger view.

Pam’s gorgeous Begonia Grandis hanging baskets had a humble beginning. Not quite born in a log cabin, our local Aldi was the beginning where Pam saw sad little $3.00 potted begonia’s, on clearance, that needed a home. Cherished through the late frosts of May, carefully watered, placed in the perfect light, it was no accident these are so……perfect.

One strange fact, I have not witnessed a single honey bee harvesting these blooms.

I used three Canon lenses in the course of these five posts. This lens is a portrait lens. I used a large format image for this post, enjoy!!

Copyright 2022 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

Iridescence and Impostors

“Here I Am”

Once a year when Pam’s gardens are at a summer peak, I venture out to capture her work in early morning light. For this fourth image of the begonia series, I used the same handheld Canon EOS 1Ds Mark III SLR but with the Canon lens EF 100 mm f 2.8L IS USM variable lens.

Click photograph for a larger view.

Tiny Mirrors

Begonia flowers have no petals. The colorful structures surrounding the male and female parts are the structure in many flowers, such as roses, that lay beneath the flower petals and are green are called the sepal. These are the cover protecting the flower as a bud and, when open, can provide support. In begonias it is the entire flower and it glows.

The angle of morning light in today’s macro captures the reflections of thousands of tiny mirrors in the flowers, more noticeable in the darker undersides. Also present is a subtle iridescence, a shiny surface imparting, in this begonia, slight color changes. These are signals to the pollinators, “Here I am — this is delicious.” Also, in low light tropical environments iridescence can enhance light gathering of leaves.

Hoverfly

Woodland sunbeams are special places where I first noticed hoverflies, they have a behavior of staying motionless, beating wings a blur, in sunlight making its way to the forest floor. It was only after the fact, in the virtual darkroom of Lightroom, I noticed the tiny creature in today’s photograph.

On a quick look, it appears to be a yellow jacket, a type of wasp. Look closely and you will see the eyes are on the top of the head and touch in places. The wings stand perpendicular to the thorax, wasp wings fold along the thorax and abdomen and there are differences in the veining of the wings. The identify of this creature is a beneficial fly, a hoverfly, genus Episyrphus. The shiny black shield on the upper thorax suggests to me this is a Episyrphus viridaureus.

This fly is beneficial to humans in two ways. One we observe in the photograph, as flower pollination. It is one of the few flies with mandibles capable of crushing pollen grains and, in the course of feeding, some pollen clings to the fly to be transported flower to flower. The second benefit is less obvious. The larval form is a predator of aphids. After feeding, it transforms into a resting state, called diapause and survives the winter this way.

Human beings suppose the benefit of looking like a wasp is protection against predators who fear being stung, increasing survival of the individual.

The lens is designed for macro work and is a fixed focus, it can capture small details without needed to be close to the subject. I decided to crop the image down to emphasize the hoverfly. It was in writing this post I noticed the sepal iridescence.

Copyright 2022 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

Begonia Flowers and a Sweat Bee

shiny, bright green tiny bee

Once a year when Pam’s gardens are at a summer peak I venture out to capture her work in early morning light. For this third image of the begonia series I used the same handheld Canon EOS 1Ds Mark III SLR but with the Canon lens EF 100 mm f 2.8L IS USM variable lens. Click me for the first post, “Begonia Grandis.”

Click photograph for a larger view.

Sweat Bee!!

The bee on the right, in sharp focus, was a puzzle to me. I am familiar with it, they are very common around here, and striking with a bright green shiny thorax. For this post I decided to identify it.

After thirty minutes of poking around I found a list of New York Wild bees on the Cornell CALS (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences) site. It is in the form of an excel spreadsheet and very helpful. There are over 400 species listed. Using the “filter” feature I found the six families and, for each, did a web search. I am 98% sure this bee is in the family Halictidae, known as “sweat bees,” being attracted to the salt of perspiration they use for nutrition.

Next I looked as the first name in the species designation within the family Halictidae. Tjhis is the genus. There were not many, in a few minutes singling out Agapostemon, known as the “metallic green sweat bee.” I did not find it necessary to hone in on the exact species as members of the genus Agapostemon have defining characteristics.

There are four species listed on the Cornell CALS spreadsheet, all are ground nesting and solitary. Sweat bees are useful as crop pollinators. In Texas they can replace honeybees for pollination of cotton.

Agapostemon sericeus
Agapostemon splendens
Agapostemon texanus
Agapostemon virescens

The lens is designed for macro work and is a fixed focus, it can capture small details without needed to be close to the subject. I decided to crop the image down to emphasize the bees. The sharper focus is on the sweat bee

Copyright 2022 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

Bumblebees and Begonia Flowers

early morning light

Once a year when Pam’s gardens are at a summer peak, I venture out to capture her work in early morning light. For this second image of the begonia, I used the same handheld Canon EOS 1Ds Mark III SLR but with the Canon lens EF 70-300 f 4-5.6L ISM variable lens.

Click photograph for a larger view.

Bumblebees numbers will tell you if local mouse populations are under control. Mice will invade bumblebee burrows to eat the eggs and young. If the bees are plentiful, it means more are escaping mouse predation and only because mouse numbers are low.

This morning, bees of all kinds filled the begonia flowers. Bumblebees were amusing to watch enthusiastically roll around the many stamen of the male flowers, gathering as much pollen as possible.

The lens focal length is set to 84 mm to capture the entire plant, on reviewing the proofs I decided to crop the image down to emphasize the bee.

Copyright 2022 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved

Begonia Grandis

Macro!!

Once a year when Pam’s gardens are at a summer peak I venture out to capture her work in early morning light. For this image I used a handheld Canon EOS 1Ds Mark III SLR with the Canon lens EF 100 f 2.8L Macro. This is the first post of this series. Click me for “Water Lily Flower with hornet,” from my photography gallery.

Click photograph for a larger view.

Begonia is a large genus of flowering plants, sub-tropical and tropical natives, adapted her to a hanging basket put out after the last frost, the end of May, Memorial Day, in these parts. The flowers are monoecious, both male and female unisex flowers bloom on a single plant.

Pictured are double male flowers composed entirely of stamens. This plant has a sour flavor enjoyed in parts of its range. Over consumption will produce ill effects as the tissues are high in oxalic acid, a poison to humans.

Here, the leaves and flowers glow in the gentle light of early morning.

Copyright 2022 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved