After 2 pm check in we interrupted unpacking for a sundown beach walk, IPhones and Sony Alpha 700 camera in hand on the last evening of 2019. There is a business on A1A, the main road through town, advertising “beach weddings” and “elopements.” Here, using the 18 – 200 mm f3.5-6.2 lens, I spied this grouping of a mature couple holding hands, minister in attendance, for a wedding ceremony witnessed by young adult children on the right, parents (?) left. The groom’s shorts contrast with the bride’s white gown.
Sunlight, low in the western sky, was perfect for mirror-like reflections in the retreating surf.
A given of the Atlantic beach is the late afternoon light, best for capturing figures against the ocean.
Written below the high tide mark, a message inscribed, impermanent in spite of the deep cuts.
I have practice framing sunsets against beach development. Cannot complain as we enjoy our beach side condo.
A slide show of these images.
Mature Love / Beach VowsCruise Ships Depart Cape Canaveral Late AfternoonTo Each His Own PassionSurf CastingBlack Skimmer Going His Own WayGull ReflectionLast Sunset of 2019Messages in the Sand Washed Away Twice Daily at High Tide
Copyright 2024 All Rights Reserved Michael Stephen Wills
Witness a duel not of might, but of vibrant melodies between the cardinal and song sparrow. This 14-second video captures a fleeting yet profound moment in the Finger Lakes’ springtime chorus. Join us in unraveling the significance behind this avian serenade.
In the serene backdrop of the Finger Lakes in upstate New York, an enchanting encounter unfolds as the first whispers of spring touch the air. It’s March 14th, a day that marks the gentle shift from the silent, introspective winter to the lively, expressive season of spring. On this day, a captivating spectacle takes place — a duel not of might, but of melody. Two distinguished songbirds, a male cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) with its vibrant red plumage that seems to capture the very essence of life itself, and a male song sparrow (Melospiza melodia), modest in color yet profound in voice, engage in an early springtime symphony.
This 14-second video, garnished with brevity, captures a fleeting moment in nature’s grand concert, where these feathered musicians compete, not for supremacy, but for the sheer joy of song and the chance to herald the new season. The cardinal, with its rich, whistling tunes, fills the air with a repertoire of songs that resonate with the promise of new beginnings. Meanwhile, the song sparrow, with its intricate melodies that vary dramatically from bird to bird, offers a counterpoint that is both complex and captivating.
This auditory duel, set against the tranquil beauty of the Finger Lakes, is more than just a display of vocal prowess. It’s a ritual that speaks to the heart of nature’s cycle, a testament to the resilience and adaptability of these species. As these songbirds vie for the attention of mates and assert their presence in the spring landscape, they also remind us of the enduring beauty and mystery of the natural world. You’ll also catch the call of a crow and, in the distance, another Cardinal.
This moment, brief yet infinitely rich, invites us to pause and listen, to lose ourselves in the simple yet profound joy of birdsong. It’s a reminder that, even in the quietest corners of the world, life thrums with vibrancy and the promise of renewal. Join us as we delve into the story behind this melodic encounter, exploring the significance of song in the lives of these birds and the heralding of spring in the Finger Lakes.
Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved
Ever wondered about the iconic robotic arms that gracefully danced in space, tethered to the Space Shuttle? Meet Canadarm, a marvel of engineering that transformed space missions. Born from a NASA invitation to Canada in 1969, this robotic arm did more than just move payloads; it became a symbol of international collaboration in space exploration. After the Columbia disaster, its role expanded, ensuring the safety of astronauts with critical inspections. Dive into the captivating journey of Canadarm, where technology meets the stars. Click to discover how a Canadian innovation became a pivotal part of space history.
The Canadarm is here extended in the foreground and docked in background
The Canadarm, or Canadarm1, officially known as the Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS) and sometimes referred to as the SSRMS, represents a series of robotic arms utilized aboard the Space Shuttle orbiters. These arms were instrumental in deploying, manipulating, and retrieving payloads. Following the tragic Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, the use of Canadarm became invariably linked with the Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS). The OBSS played a crucial role in examining the shuttle’s exterior for any damages to its thermal protection system, enhancing the safety of subsequent missions.
The genesis of Canada’s involvement in the Space Shuttle program dates back to 1969 when the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) extended an invitation to Canada. At the outset, the specifics of Canada’s role were unclear, though the need for a manipulator system was immediately recognized as vital. The Canadian firm DSMA ATCON had previously made strides in robotics with the development of a robot designed to load fuel into CANDU nuclear reactors, capturing NASA’s interest. By 1975, a formal agreement was reached between NASA and the Canadian National Research Council (NRC), under which Canada would undertake the development and construction of the Canadarm.
The NRC subsequently awarded the contract for the manipulator to Spar Aerospace (currently known as MDA), under which three distinct systems were to be developed: an engineering model to aid in design and testing, a qualification model for environmental testing to ensure the design’s suitability for space, and a flight unit destined for use in missions. This collaborative effort marked a significant milestone in the use of robotics in space exploration, showcasing international cooperation in advancing space technology.
Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved
Imagine yourself floating in the vast cargo bay of the Space Shuttle Atlantis, surrounded by the essentials of space exploration. Here, in this dynamic space, the dreams of astronauts and scientists converge, where each mission reshapes our understanding of the universe. Curious? Discover more inside.
The cargo bay of the Space Shuttle Atlantis was an extensive, empty compartment located at the shuttle’s aft end, acting as the main storage area for mission payloads. A significant portion of the cargo was housed within a sizable cylindrical module named Raffaello, which contained a year’s supply of necessities—food, clothing, water, replacement parts, and scientific gear.
The dimensions of the payload area were roughly 4.6 meters (15 feet) in width and 18 meters (60 feet) in length. This spacious area enabled the shuttle to transport a diverse array of payloads, ranging from satellites to complex scientific experiments.
Exploring the Cargo Bay
Envision yourself drifting through the cargo bay of Atlantis, encircled by a maze of wires, equipment, and neatly arranged payloads. Astronauts, tethered securely and clad in their voluminous space suits, would navigate this area, ensuring the payloads were fastened correctly for either launch or retrieval operations.
The cargo bay’s configuration was highly adaptable, tailored to meet the specific needs of each mission. It played a pivotal role in the deployment of satellites, execution of repairs, or the transportation of scientific apparatus, adapting its setup as necessary.
The Hubble Servicing Mission
One of the most notable missions involving Atlantis was the Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4 (SM4). For this mission, Atlantis was loaded with essential items for the Hubble, including new instruments, batteries, and gyroscopes, all carefully organized within the cargo bay for safe transport to and into orbit.
Legacy
The cargo bay of Atlantis bore witness to a myriad of significant events: the release of satellites, the construction of the International Space Station, and numerous scientific investigations. Its design and flexibility were instrumental to the Space Shuttle program’s achievements.
Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved
With the thermometer in the 60’s on March 10, 2020 the “buttercups” of yesterday are open. When we first moved here, the plants were much thinner. I used fertilizer spikes on the Magnolia tree around which they grow. Each early the flowers pollinate, forming seeds and spreading.
A tripod held the composition steady, and the timer was set to 2 seconds for extra stability at the f25 setting.
Here is a slideshow of yesterday and today’s shots.
Copyright 2021 All Rights Reserved Michael Stephen Wills
To continue my posting “Climb Hill of Tara” my first submission of three Hill of Tara photographs to Getty Istock had two of the photographs returned for revision.
A statue of Saint Patrick fittingly welcomes visitors to the Hill of Tara, County Meath, Ireland. This statue of cast concrete was an existing statue donated by the Sisters of Charity, moved from an existing installation to the Hill of Tara in the year 2000 AD. The creator is anonymous, the is no plaque or other attribution on or around the statue.
The original statue was erected on the summit of the Hill of Tara shortly after Catholic emancipation in 1829, commemorated the events of 433AD when St. Patrick lit a bonfire on the nearby hill of Slane on the eve of Easter Sunday.
Lighting such a fire was contrary to the pagan laws of the time which dictated that the first fire lit that night be in Tara. Observing St. Patrick’s bonfire from afar, the chief druid of the ancient Gaelic capital predicted that if the flame were not extinguished that night, Christianity would never be extinguished in Ireland. The saint’s bonfire continued burning and the next morning, Easter Sunday, St. Patrick entered Tara to convert the king and his followers to Christianity.
For the fenced statue of Saint Patrick the revieweR wrote:
Please provide a full description for the work of art featured in this image. Include the artist, date of creation, location, etc. Works of art created by someone other than yourself must be free of copyright protection to be considered. If this work of art is indeed under copyright protection, a property release signed by the copyright holder will need to be provided.
Hmmmm….What I do while capturing a photograph of a statue is take photos of any plaque, sign, whatever to acquire the name of the creator, how it came to be there, community connections. There was nothing around the statue nor the very informative Office of Public Works placards at the entrance. I was proud to submit the statue photograph, as it turned out so well, and hoped for the best.
Last week, I put in a query to Ireland’s Office of Public Works (OPW), the agency responsible for the Hill of Tara, and did not receive a response when, for other queries, they were helpful. This Saturday and Monday mornings, several hours of internet research revealed this history.
The original statue was placed on Tara sometime after the 1829 Catholic emancipation. It was molded concrete, created by Thomas Curry of Navan at his own expense to honor the connection of Saint Patrick to Tara.
The OPW removed Curry’s statue 1992 for repair of a century of wear. During the removal the statue was damaged beyond repair and, afterwards, was further damaged by vandals who decapitated and used it for target practice.
Initially, the OWP decided not to replace Saint Patrick citing the “pagan” nature of the place. After an angry meeting of local people at the Skryne Parish Hall. In this meeting the local Rathfeigh Historical Society formed the “Committee to Restore St. Patrick to Tara.” In turn, pressure was put on Michael D. Higgins, Minister for Arts, Culture and the Gaeltacht (and the OPW). It was decided a new statue was to be created, based on a competition, and instead of it former place at the hill summit (called Rath na Rí), it was to be near the entrance, outside the Interpretative Center, to offer a Céad Míle Fáilte to visitors and be seen on departure.
The outcome was the competition winner was rejected by locals. The winning entry, by sculptor Annette Hennessy, did not follow competition rules that specified the statue incorporate traditional features to include shamrocks, harp, miter, a crozier and, perhaps, fleeing snakes. Hennessy’s design was of a shaven headed teenage boy in a short (“mini-skirt”) kilt, a handbag-shaped bell in hand. She agreed hers was “not a traditional style statue” saying it “acknowledges our Pagan Celtic history.”
The rejection included a statement from Dr. Leo Curran, chairman of the Rathfeigh Historical Society, “We agreed that most of the monuments in Tara are from the pre-Christian era, but St. Patrick should be at the uppermost layer, representing Christian tradition extinguishing paganism.”
By this time, a new government and minister were in place. The decision was made to search Ireland to find a suitable, existing, replacement statue. By 2000 the present statue, donated by the Sisters of Charity, was in place at the Hill of Tara entrance.
At the end of this post I provide the two references from my internet research and from which many facts and all the quotes were used here. I concluded the statue author was anonymous without copyright protection and submitted a revised image description, attaching a copy of my research.
What happened to my IStock photograph of Saint Patrick on the Hill of Tara? Getty accepted my application, published the photo and it is one of my top downloads, and earners.
In February 2020, I captured images of the first flowers to bloom on their property with a Canon 5D Mark IV DSLR and a macro lens. The flowers belong to the Eranthis genus, known for early flowering.
These flowers are the first to bloom on our property, around the magnolia tree, and are also the first wildflowers photographed with my then new Canon 5D Mark IV dslr . Each year these “buttercups” grow thicker and spread. The latin scientific name Eranthis hyemalis proclaims the early nature of its flowering both in the genus, “Eranthis” – composed of two Greek language roots meaning “spring flower”, and species, “hyemalis” – a term from the Latin language meaning, “winter flowering.” The genus encompasses eight species, all early flowering plants with the common name winter aconite. These can also rightly be called Buttercups as the plant belongs to family Ranunculaceae, buttercups.
To capture the intricate details possible with the Canon EF 100 mm f/2.8 Macro lens I used here, it’s often necessary to adjust the camera settings to allow for a longer exposure time. This adjustment ensures that enough light reaches the sensor, particularly in macro photography or low-light situations, which helps in producing sharper and more detailed images. All these photographs are from f25. Setting a longer exposure compensates for the reduced light that might be a consequence of using a smaller aperture (higher f-number) for greater depth of field, a common technique in macro photography.”
It’s important to note that while setting a longer exposure can improve image quality by allowing more light to hit the camera’s sensor, it can also introduce the risk of motion blur if the camera or subject moves during the exposure. To minimize camera shake and achieve the best results, I used a Manfrotto “BeFree” tripod and the camera’s built-in timer set to a 2 second delay after a manual shutter release.
With the thermometer hovering above freezing, these blooms did not open today. The calendar says “late winter”, these Aconite are singing “early spring.”
Reference: Wikipedia “Eranthis hyemalis” and “Eranthis.”
Copyright 2024 All Rights Reserved Michael Stephen Wills
Portrait of a Sea Turtle with fish, sea floor and a rocket launch. 541 Washington Ave, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920 Near Cheri Down Park, Brevard County, Florida
Portrait of a Sea Turtle with fish, sea floor and a rocket launch. 541 Washington Ave, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920 Near Cheri Down Park, Brevard County, Florida
Along the bottom margin is the artist’s signature, “David Roth 2022.”
Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved
Step beyond Earth’s bounds and glimpse the astounding intricacies of the Space Shuttle’s journey. Discover the engineering marvels that propelled humanity into orbit and back, navigating the cosmos with precision. Unveil the secrets of the stars now.
The Space Shuttle, officially known as the Space Transportation System (STS), was an iconic spacecraft operated by NASA from 1981 to 2011. It consisted of an orbiter with wings for landing like an airplane, external fuel tanks, and solid rocket boosters. With its multiple missions ranging from satellite deployment to the construction of the International Space Station, the Space Shuttle was a symbol of human ingenuity in space exploration. Central to the Shuttle’s success was its navigational system, which combined state-of-the-art technology of its time with human expertise.
The navigation of the Space Shuttle was a complex orchestration involving both internal and external elements designed to work in the harsh environment of space. The photographs attached illustrate some of the external navigational elements.
External Navigational Elements
The external surface of the Space Shuttle, as seen in the following images, was covered with thousands of thermal protection system tiles. These tiles were crucial not only for protecting the Shuttle from the extreme temperatures experienced during re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere but also housed the critical sensors for navigation.
Reaction Control System (RCS)
One of the key external navigational features was the Reaction Control System (RCS), seen as clusters of small circular ports below the cockpit windows. The RCS was composed of small thrusters that could fire in short bursts to adjust the Shuttle’s orientation or speed in space. This system was vital during the maneuvers in orbit, such as satellite deployment, docking with the International Space Station, and repositioning for re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere.
Internal Navigational Elements
Internally, the Space Shuttle featured a complex avionics system. The following image depicts part of the orbiter’s internal structure with an array of docking mechanisms and sensor housings. The round port, surrounded by a ring of bolts, is likely an interface for the Orbiter Docking System, used for rendezvous and docking with the International Space Station.
The following image shows a close-up of one of the orbiter’s windows, surrounded by reinforced panels. Each window was crucial for manual navigation, allowing astronauts to visually confirm their orientation and position relative to celestial objects and the Earth. The windows were also essential during landing, which was conducted manually by the Shuttle’s commander.
Navigational Avionics
The Shuttle’s navigation was supported by an avionics system that included inertial measurement units (IMUs), star trackers, and various other sensors. IMUs tracked the Shuttle’s position by measuring its velocity and direction, while star trackers used sightings of known star patterns to calibrate the Shuttle’s orientation in the vastness of space.
The navigational computers onboard processed data from these systems to maintain the trajectory and manage the Shuttle’s multiple systems. The computers were capable of autonomous operation, although astronauts were trained to take over manually if necessary.
Ground Support and Telemetry
In addition to onboard systems, navigation relied heavily on ground-based tracking and data relay satellites. The Shuttle communicated with NASA’s Mission Control Center, which monitored its position and trajectory, providing updates and corrections as needed. Telemetry data sent back to Earth included velocity, altitude, and engine performance metrics, which were crucial for ensuring the Shuttle’s safe passage in and out of orbit.
In Summary
The Space Shuttle’s navigational capabilities were a testament to the integration of technology and human skill. From the RCS ports on its tiled exterior to the sophisticated avionics inside, every component played a critical role in the Shuttle’s missions. This harmonious blend of internal mechanisms and external sensors, complemented by vigilant ground support, enabled the Space Shuttle to navigate the cosmos and return safely home, mission after mission.
Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved
Peer through the Space Shuttle’s windows, marvels of human ingenuity that withstood the cosmos’s extremes. Experience the awe of Earth’s view from orbit and the intense blaze of re-entry, all behind the clarity of fused silica glass. Dive into the fusion of science and exploration—read the full voyage of these extraordinary panes.
The windows of the Space Shuttle represent a pinnacle of engineering and material science, intricately designed to withstand the harsh realities of space travel while providing astronauts with a vital connection to the outside universe. The journey of these windows, from concept to creation and through their performance in the harsh environment of space, is a testament to human ingenuity and the relentless pursuit of exploration.
At the heart of the Space Shuttle’s windows is fused silica glass, a material selected for its exceptional properties, including high thermal resistance, strength, and optical clarity. This choice was crucial, as the windows had to endure rapid temperature shifts from the cold vacuum of space to the searing heat of re-entry, which could exceed 1,650 degrees Celsius (3,000 degrees Fahrenheit). Corning Incorporated, known for its innovative glass solutions, was responsible for manufacturing this fused silica, utilizing a high-purity synthesis process that ensured the material could withstand the extreme conditions of space without degrading.
The design and assembly process of the Shuttle’s windows was a feat of engineering. Each window was carefully framed and installed to maintain the spacecraft’s integrity and internal pressure in the vacuum of space. This involved a complex sealing mechanism that had to be both robust and fail-safe, ensuring the safety of the crew and the success of the mission. The installation process was rigorous, involving a series of tests that simulated the harsh conditions of space to validate the windows’ performance. These tests were crucial to identifying and rectifying any potential issues that could compromise the mission or the astronauts’ safety.
In space, the Shuttle’s windows faced numerous challenges, from the threat of micrometeoroid impacts to the intense radiation of the sun. Despite these hazards, the windows performed admirably, a testament to their design and the materials used. One notable instance of their resilience was observed during the STS-61 mission, where despite micrometeoroid impacts, the windows’ integrity remained intact, ensuring the crew’s safety and mission success.
The windows also played a critical role during the Shuttle’s re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere, a phase of the mission that subjected the spacecraft to extreme heat. The windows’ ability to withstand this heat while providing the crew with a clear view for navigation was vital for a safe landing. This was achieved through the use of multiple glass layers and protective coatings, which insulated the interior from the re-entry heat.
Beyond their technical specifications and performance, the Space Shuttle’s windows served a more profound purpose. They provided astronauts with a visual connection to the Earth and space, offering perspectives that few humans have experienced. These views not only aided scientific observation and mission operations but also offered moments of unparalleled beauty, inspiring both astronauts and people on Earth.
The legacy of the Space Shuttle’s windows extends beyond their technical achievements, embodying the spirit of exploration and the human quest for knowledge. They were not merely components of a spacecraft but windows to the universe, enabling us to look beyond our planet and dream of the possibilities that lie in the vast expanse of space. Through their resilience, clarity, and performance, the Space Shuttle’s windows stand as a symbol of human ingenuity, a small but significant part of our journey to the stars.
Copyright 2024 Michael Stephen Wills All Rights Reserved
